Luo Xianliang was born in June 1979. He is Han-Chinese and from Jinzhai, Anhui Province. After majoring in industrial and commercial management, he graduated in July 2002 with a bachelor’s degree from the School of Management at Anhui University.

From July 2002 to June 2011, he worked in the agency personnel division of the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture as a senior clerk of the cadres division and as a deputy-director and director senior clerk (during which time, from June 2008 to June 2009, he held a secondary post as a deputy-director of the Poverty Relief Office at Jingle County, Shanxi Province). From June 2011 to June 2014, he was an office deputy-director for the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture. From June 2014 to March 2018, he was an office director for the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture. From March 2018 to September 2018, he was an office director for the Department of Personnel in the former Ministry of Culture. From September 2018 to February 2019, he was an office director for the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. From February 2019 to July 2019, he was the talents division head at the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. From July 2019 to October 2020, he concurrently served as the talents division head at the Department of Personnel in the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and a first-rank investigator. In October 2020, he became the secretary (deputy-bureau level) of the Commission for Discipline Inspection at the Palace Museum.